Dr. Yennusom Maalug, a psychiatrist at Pantang and The Bank Hospitals, has issued a warning about the dangers of untreated bipolar disorder. According to Dr. Maalug, untreated bipolar disorder can lead to severe mental health challenges, including suicidal thoughts, substance abuse, and a diminished quality of life. He explained that the disorder, which involves extreme mood swings, can push individuals to engage in dangerous behavior such as self-harm or substance abuse in an attempt to escape their overwhelming feelings.
While the exact cause of bipolar disorder is not fully understood, Dr. Maalug highlighted a combination of genetic, biochemical, and environmental factors as contributors. Family history, stress, loss of a loved one, and personal disappointment can trigger or worsen the condition. Though the disorder may have a genetic component, it does not necessarily mean it will be passed down to children.
Bipolar disorder typically presents in two phases: mania and depression. Mania can involve extreme energy, impulsivity, and erratic behavior, such as rapid speech or inappropriate actions. In depressive phases, patients may experience persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite, and disrupted sleep patterns. Dr. Maalug stressed that while patients may be aware of their abnormal behavior, they often cannot control it.
Diagnosing bipolar disorder can be challenging, especially when initial symptoms are only depressive. A full history and medical tests help differentiate it from other conditions like thyroid disorders or substance abuse.
Effective treatment involves a combination of medication and psychotherapy, which helps individuals manage the condition throughout their lives. Dr. Maalug emphasized that with proper care, those with bipolar disorder can lead fulfilling lives, although relapses are common if medication is discontinued.
When caring for someone with bipolar disorder, Dr. Maalug recommended offering support, encouraging treatment adherence, and understanding the patient’s struggles during both manic and depressive episodes.
